Preheat and prep: Heat your oven to 400°F (200°C). Lightly grease a 9x13-inch baking dish or sheet pan.
Season the chicken: Pat chicken dry. Toss with 2 tablespoons pesto, a squeeze of lemon juice, a pinch of salt, and black pepper.
Set aside while you prep the veggies.
Dress the veggies: In a large bowl, combine broccoli, bell pepper, red onion, zucchini, and cherry tomatoes. Add olive oil, lemon zest, Italian seasoning, garlic (if using), red pepper flakes, 1/2 teaspoon salt, and several grinds of pepper. Toss to coat well.
Assemble the pan: Spread the veggies in an even layer in the baking dish.
Nestle the chicken pieces on top so they’re not crowded or stacked.
First bake: Bake for 18–22 minutes, until the chicken is just cooked through and the veggies start to brown at the edges. Thighs may need a couple of extra minutes. Stir once halfway if your oven browns unevenly.
Add pesto and cheese: Remove from the oven.
Spoon the remaining pesto over the chicken and veggies and toss gently to coat. Sprinkle mozzarella and Parmesan evenly over the top.
Second bake: Return to the oven for 6–8 minutes, until the cheese is melted and bubbly. For extra golden spots, broil for 1–2 minutes at the end, watching closely.
Finish and serve: Let it rest for 3–5 minutes.
Scatter fresh basil on top. Taste and adjust with a pinch of salt, more lemon, or extra pepper. Serve as is or with crusty bread, cooked quinoa, or pasta.