Sauté the aromatics: Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat.
Add onion and red bell pepper. Cook 5–6 minutes until softened. Stir in garlic and cook 30 seconds until fragrant.
Bloom the spices: Add chili powder, cumin, paprika, oregano, and cayenne.
Stir for 30–60 seconds to wake up the spices.
Add the liquids and veggies: Pour in chicken broth, enchilada sauce, and diced tomatoes. Stir in black beans and corn. Bring to a gentle boil.
Cook the chicken in the soup: Nestle chicken breasts (or thighs) into the pot.
Reduce to a simmer, cover, and cook 15–20 minutes, or until the chicken is cooked through and shreds easily.
Shred the chicken: Remove chicken to a cutting board and shred with two forks. Return the shredded chicken to the pot. Simmer 5 minutes more.
Make it creamy: Lower the heat.
Stir in sour cream and shredded cheese until melted and smooth. Do not boil after adding dairy.
Finish and taste: Add lime juice. Season with salt and pepper.
Adjust heat with more cayenne or hot sauce if you like.
Serve: Ladle into bowls and top with cilantro, extra cheese, avocado, or jalapeños. Serve with tortilla chips or warm tortillas for dipping.