Prep the basics: Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Line two baking sheets with parchment paper.
Mix dry ingredients: In a bowl, whisk flour, protein powder, cornstarch, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
Set aside.
Cream butter and sugars: In a large bowl, beat the softened butter, granulated sugar, and brown sugar until light and fluffy, about 2–3 minutes.
Add egg and vanilla: Beat in the egg and vanilla until smooth. Scrape the bowl as needed.
Finish the dough: Add the dry ingredients to the wet. Mix on low until a soft dough forms.
If it seems dry or crumbly, add milk 1 teaspoon at a time until it comes together.
Chill: Cover and chill the dough for 20–30 minutes. This helps prevent spreading and keeps the centers soft.
Shape: Scoop 1 1/2 tablespoon portions (about 30–35 g each). Roll into balls and place on prepared sheets, spacing about 2 inches apart.
Lightly flatten the tops with your fingers for even baking.
Bake: Bake 8–10 minutes, until edges are set and centers look slightly underbaked. Do not overbake; they’ll finish on the sheet.
Cool: Let cookies cool on the sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer to a rack to cool completely before frosting.
Make the frosting: Stir Greek yogurt, protein powder, powdered sugar, cream cheese or butter (if using), vanilla, and a pinch of salt until smooth and thick. Adjust sweetness or thickness with more powdered sugar or a splash of milk.
Frost and finish: Spread frosting over cooled cookies.
Add sprinkles if you like. Let the frosting set for 10–15 minutes before serving.