Preheat the oven: Set to 425°F (220°C).
Line a large sheet pan with parchment paper or lightly oil it to prevent sticking.
Prep the chicken: Pat the chicken dry and cut into bite-size pieces. This helps it cook evenly and brown better.
Toss with pesto: In a bowl, combine chicken with 1/4 cup pesto and a pinch of salt and pepper. Stir to coat well.
Set aside to briefly marinate while you prepare the vegetables.
Prep the veggies: Add broccoli, bell pepper, red onion, tomatoes, and zucchini to a large bowl. Toss with 1 tablespoon olive oil, remaining salt and pepper, and red pepper flakes if using.
Layer the sheet pan: Spread the vegetables across the pan in an even layer. Nestle the pesto-coated chicken pieces in between the veggies, making sure nothing is crowded or overlapping too much.
Roast: Bake for 15 minutes.
Remove the pan, gently toss everything, and brush or spoon the remaining 1/4 cup pesto over the top. Return to the oven for 6–10 more minutes, until the chicken is cooked through (internal temperature 165°F/74°C) and the vegetables are tender with browned edges.
Finish with brightness: Zest the lemon over the hot pan, then squeeze on the juice. Sprinkle with grated Parmesan and fresh basil.
Serve: Spoon everything over rice, quinoa, or couscous, or serve with crusty bread to mop up the juices.